AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Appetite Suppression: Sibutramine works by inhibiting the reuptake of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. By increasing the levels of these neurotransmitters, sibutramine promotes feelings of fullness and reduces appetite, which can lead to decreased food intake and calorie consumption.
Weight Loss: Sibutramine is used as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for the management of obesity. Studies have shown that treatment with sibutramine can result in modest weight loss over the short term (e.g., 6-12 months) compared to placebo.
Metabolic Effects: In addition to promoting weight loss, sibutramine may have beneficial effects on certain metabolic parameters, such as improving insulin sensitivity and reducing levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. These effects may be particularly relevant for individuals with obesity-related metabolic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.
Cardiovascular Risks: Despite its weight-loss benefits, sibutramine has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attack, stroke, and cardiac arrhythmias. Due to these safety concerns, regulatory agencies in several countries have either suspended marketing authorizations or withdrawn sibutramine from the market altogether.
Hypertension: Sibutramine can cause increases in blood pressure and heart rate, which may pose risks for individuals with hypertension or cardiovascular disease. Monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate is recommended during treatment with sibutramine, and the medication should be discontinued if significant increases in blood pressure occur.
Psychiatric Effects: Sibutramine may also have psychiatric side effects, including insomnia, anxiety, depression, and mood swings. Individuals with a history of psychiatric disorders should be closely monitored for changes in mood or behavior while taking sibutramine.
Contraindications: Sibutramine is contraindicated in individuals with a history of coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke, or uncontrolled hypertension. It should also be avoided in patients with eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, due to the risk of exacerbating these conditions.
Withdrawal from the Market: Due to the increased cardiovascular risks associated with sibutramine use, regulatory agencies in several countries, including the United States and European Union, have taken action to restrict or remove sibutramine-containing products from the market. As a result, sibutramine is no longer available for prescription or over-the-counter use in many countries.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Acne | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| ADHD | 4.1 | 0.9 | 3.56 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 2.5 | 2.1 | 0.19 |
| Allergies | 5.5 | 3.2 | 0.72 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1 | 1 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 4.6 | 5.8 | -0.26 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 3.4 | 0.7 | 3.86 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 3.3 | 1 | 2.3 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.2 | 2.8 | -1.33 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 1 | 0.3 | 2.33 |
| Asthma | 4.2 | 2.9 | 0.45 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.4 | 2.2 | -0.57 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3.2 | 2.1 | 0.52 |
| Autism | 7.4 | 8.5 | -0.15 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Biofilm | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 2 | 1.7 | 0.18 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Breast Cancer | 0 | 0 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.6 | 2.3 | -2.83 |
| Carcinoma | 3.6 | 2.2 | 0.64 |
| Celiac Disease | 2.1 | 3.6 | -0.71 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.23 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 4.1 | 5.6 | -0.37 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 3.6 | 2.6 | 0.38 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.5 | 0.8 | -0.6 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 1 | 1.7 | -0.7 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.9 | 1.3 | -0.44 |
| Cognitive Function | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 5.5 | 2.2 | 1.5 |
| Constipation | 2 | 0.7 | 1.86 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.9 | 2.6 | -0.37 |
| COVID-19 | 8.3 | 10.9 | -0.31 |
| Crohn's Disease | 6 | 5.3 | 0.13 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.6 | 1.9 | -2.17 |
| d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) | 0 | 0 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 2.3 | 1.4 | 0.64 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Depression | 9.2 | 8.2 | 0.12 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Eczema | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Endometriosis | 2.5 | 2 | 0.25 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Epilepsy | 2.3 | 1.3 | 0.77 |
| erectile dysfunction | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Fibromyalgia | 2 | 1.1 | 0.82 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 5 | 2.9 | 0.72 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 2.4 | 1 | 1.4 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 1 | 1.2 | -0.2 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 2.2 | 2.7 | -0.23 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 2.3 | 1 | 1.3 |
| Graves' disease | 1.5 | 3.3 | -1.2 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.9 | 1.6 | -0.78 |
| Halitosis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1.07 |
| Heart Failure | 3.2 | 2.1 | 0.52 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.33 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.25 |
| hyperglycemia | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0.38 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 1.1 | 0.3 | 2.67 |
| hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 3.8 | 5.4 | -0.42 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.2 | 1 | -4 |
| Hypoxia | 2.2 | 0.3 | 6.33 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.2 | 3.7 | -2.08 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 5.4 | 8.2 | -0.52 |
| Insomnia | 1.9 | 3 | -0.58 |
| Intelligence | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.7 | 0.9 | -0.29 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 6.8 | 4.8 | 0.42 |
| ischemic stroke | 2.5 | 1.7 | 0.47 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 5.9 | 4.6 | 0.28 |
| Long COVID | 6.2 | 8.2 | -0.32 |
| Low bone mineral density | 1.1 | -1.1 | |
| Lung Cancer | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.07 |
| Lymphoma | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 1 | 2.1 | -1.1 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1.1 | 1.8 | -0.64 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 2.1 | 0.8 | 1.63 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 6.5 | 6.7 | -0.03 |
| Mood Disorders | 9 | 7.2 | 0.25 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.8 | 0.1 | 7 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 5.7 | 4.3 | 0.33 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 2.2 | -6.33 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.9 | 2.2 | -1.44 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 4.4 | 5.5 | -0.25 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.7 | 0.6 | 1.83 |
| Obesity | 8.8 | 6.7 | 0.31 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 4.8 | 3 | 0.6 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.14 |
| Osteoporosis | 2.5 | 1.7 | 0.47 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 7.4 | 5.3 | 0.4 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 5 | 3.4 | 0.47 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | 0.6 | -2 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.06 |
| Psoriasis | 3.1 | 2.1 | 0.48 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 7.2 | 3.9 | 0.85 |
| Rosacea | 0.7 | 1 | -0.43 |
| Schizophrenia | 5.8 | 2.8 | 1.07 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | 1.2 | -3 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0 |
| Sleep Apnea | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.06 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 2.1 | 2.3 | -0.1 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 3.2 | 1.8 | 0.78 |
| Tic Disorder | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.25 |
| Tourette syndrome | 1.1 | 0.3 | 2.67 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 4.4 | 4.4 | 0 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 7.8 | 6.7 | 0.16 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 3.7 | 5.4 | -0.46 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 4.2 | 2.2 | 0.91 |
| Vitiligo | 1.6 | 1 | 0.6 |
