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Hyperthyroidism: Carbimazole is the mainstay treatment for hyperthyroidism. It works by inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland. By reducing the synthesis of thyroid hormones, carbimazole helps to normalize hormone levels and alleviate symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism, such as rapid heartbeat (palpitations), weight loss, tremors, heat intolerance, and sweating.
Graves' Disease: Carbimazole is commonly prescribed for the treatment of Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism. In Graves' disease, the immune system produces antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. Carbimazole helps to control thyroid hormone levels and manage symptoms of Graves' disease.
Thyroid Storm: In severe cases of hyperthyroidism, known as thyroid storm or thyrotoxic crisis, where there is a sudden and extreme increase in thyroid hormone levels, carbimazole may be used as part of emergency treatment to rapidly lower hormone levels and stabilize the patient's condition.
Preparation for Surgery or Radioactive Iodine Therapy: Carbimazole may be prescribed before surgery or radioactive iodine therapy for hyperthyroidism to help normalize thyroid hormone levels and reduce the risk of complications during these procedures.
Maintenance Therapy: Carbimazole is often used as a long-term maintenance therapy for individuals with hyperthyroidism, especially those who are not candidates for surgery or radioactive iodine treatment. It helps to keep thyroid hormone levels within the normal range and control symptoms over an extended period.
Dosage Adjustment: The dosage of carbimazole is typically adjusted based on thyroid function tests to maintain thyroid hormone levels within the target range. Patients may require regular monitoring of thyroid function and adjustment of medication dosage as needed.
Side Effects: Common side effects of carbimazole may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, skin rash, itching, and changes in taste sensation. In rare cases, it can cause more serious side effects such as agranulocytosis (a severe decrease in white blood cell count), which requires immediate medical attention.
Monitoring: Patients taking carbimazole may require regular monitoring of blood cell counts, liver function tests, and thyroid function tests to assess treatment response and detect any potential adverse effects early.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Carbimazole is generally not recommended during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, due to the potential risk of birth defects. However, in some cases where hyperthyroidism poses a significant risk to the mother and fetus, carbimazole may be used under close medical supervision. It may also pass into breast milk, so its use during breastfeeding should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Drug Interactions: Carbimazole may interact with other medications, such as blood thinners (anticoagulants) and certain heart medications. Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications they are taking to avoid potential interactions.
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive β X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.