AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Contrast Enhancement: Etifenin is administered orally or intravenously to improve the visualization of the biliary system during imaging studies. It enhances the contrast between the bile ducts and surrounding tissues, aiding in the diagnosis of various biliary tract disorders, including gallstones, bile duct obstructions, and gallbladder diseases.
Cholescintigraphy: Etifenin is commonly used in cholescintigraphy, also known as hepatobiliary scintigraphy or HIDA scan (hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan). During this procedure, a radioactive tracer labeled with etifenin is injected intravenously, and its uptake and excretion by the liver and biliary system are monitored using a gamma camera. This imaging technique helps evaluate the function and patency of the biliary tract.
Diagnostic Imaging: Etifenin-enhanced imaging studies provide valuable information about the anatomy, function, and pathology of the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. It is particularly useful in diagnosing conditions such as acute cholecystitis, chronic cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia, and biliary leaks.
Safety Profile: Etifenin is generally well-tolerated when used as a contrast agent for diagnostic imaging. Adverse reactions are rare but may include allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or hives, as well as more severe reactions like anaphylaxis. Patients with a history of allergies or sensitivity to contrast agents should be closely monitored.
Contraindications: Etifenin should not be administered to patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Additionally, caution is advised in patients with severe liver impairment or acute liver disease, as impaired hepatic function may affect the metabolism and excretion of etifenin.
Radiation Exposure: As etifenin is often used in conjunction with radioactive tracers for nuclear medicine imaging, patients may be exposed to ionizing radiation during cholescintigraphy. However, the benefits of the diagnostic information obtained from the procedure generally outweigh the risks associated with radiation exposure.
Medical Supervision: Etifenin-enhanced imaging studies should be performed under the supervision of qualified healthcare professionals, including radiologists and nuclear medicine specialists. Proper patient preparation, monitoring, and post-procedural care are essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of the imaging procedure.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acne | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| ADHD | 3.7 | 0.9 | 3.11 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.13 |
| Allergies | 3.7 | 2.6 | 0.42 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 3.7 | 4.4 | -0.19 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 2.7 | 0.4 | 5.75 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.25 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.6 | 1.7 | -1.83 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Asthma | 3.5 | 2 | 0.75 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.25 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.92 |
| Autism | 5.3 | 5.9 | -0.11 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.13 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Biofilm | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1.5 | 1.7 | -0.13 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.6 | 1.4 | -1.33 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.9 | 1.5 | -0.67 |
| Carcinoma | 3.4 | 2 | 0.7 |
| Celiac Disease | 1.1 | 2.9 | -1.64 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.9 | 1.1 | -0.22 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 3 | 2.6 | 0.15 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 3.1 | 1.8 | 0.72 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.9 | 1.7 | -0.89 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.9 | 0 | 0 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Cognitive Function | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.09 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 4.7 | 1.7 | 1.76 |
| Constipation | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.2 | 1.7 | -0.42 |
| COVID-19 | 5.1 | 5.8 | -0.14 |
| Crohn's Disease | 4.6 | 4.1 | 0.12 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.6 | 1.6 | -1.67 |
| d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) | 0 | 0 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 2 | 1.1 | 0.82 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Depression | 6.2 | 6.6 | -0.06 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Eczema | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Endometriosis | 2.1 | 2 | 0.05 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Epilepsy | 1.8 | 0.6 | 2 |
| erectile dysfunction | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.7 | 0.7 | 1.43 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 3.7 | 2.1 | 0.76 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.8 | 1.1 | 0.64 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 1.8 | 2 | -0.11 |
| Gout | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Graves' disease | 1.5 | 2.9 | -0.93 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.3 | 0.4 | -0.33 |
| Halitosis | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 3 | 1.3 | 1.31 |
| Heart Failure | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.25 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
| hyperglycemia | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.67 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| hypersomnia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 3.1 | 4.4 | -0.42 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0 | 0.9 | 0 |
| Hypoxia | 1.8 | 0.3 | 5 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.2 | 2.6 | -1.17 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 4.2 | 5.4 | -0.29 |
| Insomnia | 1.4 | 1.8 | -0.29 |
| Intelligence | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 4.6 | 3.2 | 0.44 |
| ischemic stroke | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.29 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 5.1 | 3.6 | 0.42 |
| Long COVID | 3.2 | 6.3 | -0.97 |
| Low bone mineral density | 1.1 | -1.1 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.6 | 0.9 | -0.5 |
| Lymphoma | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.13 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.1 | 0.7 | -6 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.3 | 1.2 | -3 |
| Menopause | 1.7 | 0.6 | 1.83 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 4.7 | 5.4 | -0.15 |
| Mood Disorders | 6 | 4.8 | 0.25 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.6 | 2.4 | 0.5 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 2.6 | -7.67 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.3 | 2.2 | -6.33 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 4 | 3.5 | 0.14 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Obesity | 7.3 | 5.6 | 0.3 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 2.9 | 2.2 | 0.32 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
| Osteoporosis | 2.3 | 0.9 | 1.56 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 5.5 | 3.9 | 0.41 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 3.1 | 2.3 | 0.35 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Psoriasis | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.33 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 5.8 | 3.1 | 0.87 |
| Rosacea | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| Schizophrenia | 4.4 | 2.3 | 0.91 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.5 | 1.7 | -0.13 |
| Sleep Apnea | 2 | 1.7 | 0.18 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 2 | 1.8 | 0.11 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 2.3 | 1.7 | 0.35 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 2.4 | 3.2 | -0.33 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 5.1 | 4.5 | 0.13 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2.6 | 3.6 | -0.38 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.21 |
| Vitiligo | 1.2 | 0.4 | 2 |
