AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Pain Relief: Nalbuphine hydrochloride is a potent analgesic (pain-relieving) medication. It is commonly used to manage moderate to severe pain, such as postoperative pain, labor pain, and pain associated with medical procedures.
Opioid Analgesic: Nalbuphine is classified as a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist. It acts as a partial agonist at the kappa-opioid receptors and as an antagonist at the mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. This dual mechanism of action results in analgesic effects without the same risk of respiratory depression and dependence seen with full mu-opioid agonists.
Postoperative Pain Management: Nalbuphine is often used as an analgesic adjunct in the postoperative period to provide pain relief while minimizing the risk of respiratory depression and other opioid-related side effects. It can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously.
Labor Analgesia: Nalbuphine may be used during labor to provide pain relief without significantly affecting uterine contractions or the progression of labor. It is considered a safe and effective option for managing labor pain, especially in women who prefer to avoid full opioid agonists due to concerns about neonatal respiratory depression.
Side Effects: Common side effects of nalbuphine hydrochloride may include dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, sweating, and headache. These side effects are typically dose-dependent and transient. Serious side effects such as respiratory depression and allergic reactions are rare but can occur, especially with high doses or rapid administration.
Contraindications: Nalbuphine hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to nalbuphine or other opioid analgesics. It should be used with caution in patients with respiratory depression, severe bronchial asthma, paralytic ileus, acute alcoholism, head injury, increased intracranial pressure, or liver or kidney dysfunction.
Drug Interactions: Nalbuphine may interact with other medications that depress the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, sedatives, and other opioids, leading to additive effects on respiratory depression and sedation. It is important to review the patient's medication history and adjust the dosage of nalbuphine accordingly to minimize the risk of adverse reactions.
Monitoring: Patients receiving nalbuphine hydrochloride should be closely monitored for signs of respiratory depression, sedation, and other opioid-related side effects. Vital signs, including respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, should be assessed regularly, especially during the initial titration phase and after dose adjustments.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Acne | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| ADHD | 3.7 | 0.6 | 5.17 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.75 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 2.8 | 2.5 | 0.12 |
| Allergies | 5.1 | 1.7 | 2 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.06 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1.6 | 1.6 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 4.8 | 5.2 | -0.08 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 2.1 | 0.6 | 2.5 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 4 | 0.6 | 5.67 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.3 | 1.7 | -0.31 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 1.7 | 0.3 | 4.67 |
| Asthma | 5.1 | 2.3 | 1.22 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.6 | 1.9 | 0.37 |
| Autism | 7.8 | 7.1 | 0.1 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Biofilm | 2.1 | 2.1 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.5 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 1.1 | -0.22 |
| Breast Cancer | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.9 | 2.4 | -1.67 |
| Carcinoma | 4.6 | 2.3 | 1 |
| Celiac Disease | 2.2 | 3 | -0.36 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.4 | 1 | 0.4 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 4.3 | 4.2 | 0.02 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 4.5 | 1.9 | 1.37 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 2.4 | 1.7 | 0.41 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 2 | 0.1 | 19 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 1.9 | 1 | 0.9 |
| Cognitive Function | 2.2 | 1.6 | 0.38 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 6.5 | 2.5 | 1.6 |
| Constipation | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.8 | 1.8 | 0 |
| COVID-19 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 0.08 |
| Crohn's Disease | 7.3 | 3.4 | 1.15 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 1.2 | 1.9 | -0.58 |
| d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 2.1 | 1.1 | 0.91 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 1.9 | 1.9 | |
| Depression | 9.9 | 6.5 | 0.52 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Eczema | 1.7 | 1.8 | -0.06 |
| Endometriosis | 3.5 | 2 | 0.75 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Epilepsy | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.29 |
| erectile dysfunction | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| Fibromyalgia | 2.8 | 0.9 | 2.11 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 4.7 | 3.3 | 0.42 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 2.9 | 1.1 | 1.64 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 1.2 | 0.4 | 2 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 2.8 | 1.8 | 0.56 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 1.8 | 0.5 | 2.6 |
| Graves' disease | 1.6 | 3 | -0.88 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Halitosis | 1.8 | 0.3 | 5 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 2.9 | 1.4 | 1.07 |
| Heart Failure | 3.9 | 1 | 2.9 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 1.7 | 0.3 | 4.67 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
| hyperglycemia | 2.8 | 1.2 | 1.33 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 3.7 | 4.1 | -0.11 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia | 3.4 | 0.3 | 10.33 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.6 | 3 | -0.88 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 7.4 | 6.1 | 0.21 |
| Insomnia | 2.3 | 1.6 | 0.44 |
| Intelligence | 1.4 | 0.1 | 13 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.83 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 6.8 | 3.5 | 0.94 |
| ischemic stroke | 2.7 | 1.4 | 0.93 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 7 | 4.6 | 0.52 |
| Long COVID | 5.3 | 5.5 | -0.04 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Lung Cancer | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.14 |
| Lymphoma | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 1.5 | 0.6 | 1.5 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 1 | 1.4 | -0.4 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1.3 | 2.3 | -0.77 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 1.9 | 0.6 | 2.17 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 6.7 | 5.9 | 0.14 |
| Mood Disorders | 9.6 | 4.9 | 0.96 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 1 | 0.1 | 9 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 5.7 | 4.1 | 0.39 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 2.2 | -6.33 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.7 | 1.9 | -1.71 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 4.8 | 3 | 0.6 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.17 |
| Obesity | 9 | 7 | 0.29 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 3.8 | 2.8 | 0.36 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.78 |
| Osteoporosis | 2.2 | 1.3 | 0.69 |
| pancreatic cancer | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 7.1 | 4.4 | 0.61 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 4.4 | 2.3 | 0.91 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | 0.6 | -2 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.09 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 2.7 | 1.8 | 0.5 |
| Psoriasis | 2.6 | 2.2 | 0.18 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 6.3 | 3.5 | 0.8 |
| Rosacea | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.14 |
| Schizophrenia | 5.7 | 2.5 | 1.28 |
| scoliosis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 2.7 | 2.3 | 0.17 |
| Sleep Apnea | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.07 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 2.2 | 0.4 | 4.5 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.23 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 3.7 | 1.3 | 1.85 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 3 | 3.1 | -0.03 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 7.2 | 5.7 | 0.26 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 4.8 | 4.6 | 0.04 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 4.9 | 1.8 | 1.72 |
| Vitiligo | 1.3 | 1 | 0.3 |
