AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Treatment of Leprosy: Thalidomide was initially developed as a sedative and later found to have anti-inflammatory properties. It has been used successfully in the treatment of leprosy (Hansen's disease), particularly for managing skin lesions and nerve pain associated with the condition.
Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: Thalidomide has been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. It is often used in combination with other medications, such as dexamethasone and chemotherapy drugs, to improve response rates and prolong survival in patients with multiple myeloma.
Treatment of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL): Thalidomide has been used to treat erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), a painful inflammatory skin condition that can occur as a complication of leprosy. Thalidomide helps reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with ENL.
Potential Anti-angiogenic Effects: Thalidomide has been investigated for its anti-angiogenic properties, which means it may inhibit the growth of new blood vessels. This effect has led to its exploration in the treatment of various cancers and other conditions characterized by abnormal blood vessel formation, such as macular degeneration.
Immunomodulatory Effects: Thalidomide has immunomodulatory properties, meaning it can modulate the activity of the immune system. This property has been exploited in the treatment of certain autoimmune disorders, such as Behçet's disease and inflammatory bowel disease (off-label use).
Neurological Effects: Thalidomide can have sedative and hypnotic effects, although these properties are less commonly utilized in clinical practice today. In the past, thalidomide was prescribed as a sedative-hypnotic medication, but its use for this purpose has declined significantly due to its association with birth defects and the availability of safer alternatives.
Birth Defects: Thalidomide is infamous for its teratogenic effects, meaning it can cause severe birth defects when taken during pregnancy. Exposure to thalidomide during the first trimester of pregnancy has been associated with limb deformities (phocomelia), as well as defects in the ears, eyes, heart, and other organs. Due to these risks, thalidomide is strictly contraindicated in pregnancy, and women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception while taking the drug.
Peripheral Neuropathy: Thalidomide use has been associated with peripheral neuropathy, which is characterized by numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hands and feet. Peripheral neuropathy is a known side effect of thalidomide, particularly when used at higher doses or for extended periods.
Other Adverse Effects: Thalidomide can cause a range of other adverse effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, dry mouth, rash, and thromboembolic events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism). Regular monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary to manage these side effects effectively.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Acne | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| ADHD | 3.1 | 0.3 | 9.33 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1.1 | 0.4 | 1.75 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 2 | 1.5 | 0.33 |
| Allergies | 3 | 1.5 | 1 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.9 | 1 | -0.11 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1 | 1 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 2.7 | 3.9 | -0.44 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 2.5 | 0.9 | 1.78 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.4 | 2.1 | -0.5 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Asthma | 4 | 2.1 | 0.9 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.9 | 1 | 1.9 |
| Autism | 5.3 | 4.8 | 0.1 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Biofilm | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1.3 | 1.4 | -0.08 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Cancer (General) | 0.6 | 1.3 | -1.17 |
| Carcinoma | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.23 |
| Celiac Disease | 1.2 | 3.3 | -1.75 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.2 | 1.3 | -0.08 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 2.9 | 3 | -0.03 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 2.9 | 1.7 | 0.71 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.7 | 1.4 | -1 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.7 | 1.3 | -0.86 |
| Cognitive Function | 3 | 1.4 | 1.14 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 3 | 1.4 | 1.14 |
| Constipation | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.9 | 1.5 | -0.67 |
| COVID-19 | 5.1 | 5.2 | -0.02 |
| Crohn's Disease | 4 | 3.6 | 0.11 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 1.7 | -1.7 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 1.4 | -1.4 | |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Depression | 5.8 | 4.8 | 0.21 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Eczema | 0.6 | 1 | -0.67 |
| Endometriosis | 2 | 1.7 | 0.18 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Epilepsy | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.18 |
| erectile dysfunction | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Fibromyalgia | 2.4 | 0.6 | 3 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 2.7 | 2.7 | 0 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.13 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.3 | 1.1 | -2.67 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 1 | 1.3 | -0.3 |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Graves' disease | 1.9 | 3 | -0.58 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Halitosis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 3 | 1.5 | 1 |
| Heart Failure | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.23 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 1 | 1 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| hyperglycemia | 0.2 | 1.1 | -4.5 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| hypersomnia | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 3.5 | 3.7 | -0.06 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| Hypoxia | 1.6 | 0.3 | 4.33 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.6 | 1.8 | -0.13 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.5 | 4.5 | -0.29 |
| Insomnia | 1.6 | 2.1 | -0.31 |
| Intelligence | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 3.9 | 3.1 | 0.26 |
| ischemic stroke | 2.4 | 0.8 | 2 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 4.4 | 2.6 | 0.69 |
| Long COVID | 3.2 | 5.4 | -0.69 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.1 | 1 | -9 |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.4 | 1.2 | -2 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1.1 | 1.3 | -0.18 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 4 | 5.1 | -0.27 |
| Mood Disorders | 5.4 | 4 | 0.35 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.6 | 2.6 | 0.38 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 2.7 | -8 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.7 | 1.3 | -0.86 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 3.3 | 3.5 | -0.06 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.17 |
| Obesity | 5.8 | 4.9 | 0.18 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.8 | 1.2 | -0.5 |
| Osteoporosis | 1.7 | 1.3 | 0.31 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 4.2 | 3.4 | 0.24 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 3 | 2.3 | 0.3 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.21 |
| Psoriasis | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.23 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 4.6 | 2.7 | 0.7 |
| Rosacea | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
| Schizophrenia | 4.2 | 2.6 | 0.62 |
| scoliosis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.7 | 2.1 | -0.24 |
| Sleep Apnea | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.25 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 2.1 | 2.4 | -0.14 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 2 | 2.2 | -0.1 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.9 | 1.2 | -0.33 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 1.4 | 3.2 | -1.29 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 4.1 | 4 | 0.02 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2.7 | 2.9 | -0.07 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 2.5 | 1.6 | 0.56 |
| Vitiligo | 1.9 | 0.7 | 1.71 |
