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Treatment of Liver Fluke Infections: Clorsulon is effective against liver flukes, particularly Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, which are common parasites affecting the liver of various livestock species such as cattle, sheep, and goats. These parasites can cause liver damage, reduced productivity, and even death in severe cases. Clorsulon works by inhibiting the enzyme phosphoglucomutase, which is essential for glucose metabolism in flukes, leading to their death.
Mode of Action: Clorsulon acts specifically on liver flukes by disrupting their energy metabolism, which ultimately results in their paralysis and death. This mode of action distinguishes clorsulon from other anthelmintic medications that target different types of parasites. Due to its selective activity against liver flukes, clorsulon is not used to treat other types of parasitic infections in livestock or humans.
Dosage and Administration: Clorsulon is administered orally or via subcutaneous injection to livestock affected by liver fluke infections. The dosage and administration regimen may vary depending on factors such as the species of animal being treated, the severity of the infection, and the specific clorsulon formulation used. Clorsulon is often administered in combination with other anthelmintic medications to enhance efficacy and broaden the spectrum of parasite control.
Withdrawal Periods: Similar to other anthelmintic medications used in food-producing animals, clorsulon is subject to withdrawal periods, during which treated animals should not be slaughtered for human consumption or their milk used for human consumption. The withdrawal period for clorsulon-treated animals varies depending on regulatory requirements and specific formulations used. Compliance with withdrawal periods is essential to ensure the safety of animal-derived food products for human consumption.
Safety and Side Effects: Clorsulon is generally well-tolerated by livestock when used at therapeutic doses according to label instructions. Adverse effects associated with clorsulon use in animals are rare but may include local reactions at the injection site or mild gastrointestinal upset. Severe adverse reactions or toxicity due to clorsulon overdose are uncommon but can occur, particularly in cases of accidental exposure or improper administration.
Environmental Impact: Clorsulon residues excreted by treated animals can persist in the environment and may have adverse effects on non-target organisms, particularly aquatic organisms and soil microbes. Proper disposal of clorsulon-contaminated materials and adherence to recommended application practices are important to minimize environmental contamination and ecological risks.
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive β X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.