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Allergic Conditions: Clemizole hydrochloride has historically been used to treat various allergic conditions, including allergic rhinitis (hay fever), allergic conjunctivitis (eye allergies), and urticaria (hives). As an antihistamine, it works by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical mediator released during allergic reactions, thereby reducing symptoms such as sneezing, itching, nasal congestion, and watery eyes.
Pruritus: Clemizole hydrochloride may also be used to relieve itching associated with allergic skin conditions, insect bites, or other causes of pruritus (itching). By blocking histamine receptors in the skin, clemizole hydrochloride helps to alleviate itching and discomfort, allowing affected individuals to experience relief from their symptoms.
Motion Sickness: Clemizole hydrochloride has been investigated for its potential use in the prevention and treatment of motion sickness, particularly seasickness. It may help to reduce symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo associated with motion sickness by blocking histamine receptors in the inner ear and central nervous system.
Safety Concerns: Despite its historical use as an antihistamine, clemizole hydrochloride has largely been discontinued due to safety concerns, including its potential to cause cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms) and prolongation of the QT interval on electrocardiogram (ECG). Prolongation of the QT interval can increase the risk of a serious arrhythmia known as torsades de pointes, which can be life-threatening.
Drug Interactions: Clemizole hydrochloride may interact with other medications that prolong the QT interval or affect cardiac conduction, such as certain antibiotics, antifungal agents, antidepressants, and antipsychotic drugs. Concurrent use of clemizole hydrochloride with these medications may increase the risk of QT interval prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias.
Availability: Clemizole hydrochloride is no longer widely available for medical use, and its use has largely been replaced by newer antihistamine medications with better safety profiles, such as loratadine, cetirizine, and fexofenadine. These newer antihistamines are generally considered safer and more effective for the treatment of allergic conditions, with a lower risk of adverse cardiac effects.
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive β X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.