AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL): Cladribine is considered a first-line treatment for hairy cell leukemia, a rare type of chronic leukemia characterized by the excessive accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes (white blood cells) in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood. Cladribine works by inhibiting the enzyme adenosine deaminase, which is essential for the synthesis of DNA and RNA in leukemic cells, leading to their destruction.
Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (NHL): Cladribine may also be used in the treatment of certain indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), including low-grade lymphomas such as small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). It has shown efficacy in inducing remission and improving survival in patients with refractory or relapsed indolent NHL who have failed other treatment modalities.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Cladribine has been investigated for its potential use in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Oral formulations of cladribine have shown efficacy in reducing relapse rates, delaying disability progression, and decreasing the number of active brain lesions in patients with relapsing forms of MS.
Mode of Action: Cladribine is a purine analog that is selectively toxic to lymphocytes, particularly B cells. It enters cells and is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase, leading to the accumulation of toxic metabolites that induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in dividing lymphocytes, including leukemic cells and activated immune cells involved in autoimmune diseases such as MS.
Treatment Regimens: Cladribine may be administered as a short-course treatment regimen, typically consisting of oral tablets taken for a few days each month over a period of several months. This intermittent dosing schedule allows for prolonged suppression of lymphocyte proliferation while minimizing the risk of cumulative toxicity associated with continuous therapy.
Side Effects: Common side effects of cladribine may include bone marrow suppression (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia), increased susceptibility to infections, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, headache, and transient liver enzyme elevations. Patients receiving cladribine should be monitored regularly for signs of hematologic toxicity and infections, and appropriate supportive care measures should be implemented as needed.
Immunosuppression: Due to its mechanism of action, cladribine induces profound and prolonged immunosuppression, which may increase the risk of opportunistic infections and impair immune responses to vaccines. Patients should avoid live attenuated vaccines during treatment with cladribine and for a period thereafter, as they may pose a risk of infection in immunocompromised individuals.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| ADHD | 1.4 | 0.3 | 3.67 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
| Allergies | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.09 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 2.1 | 3.3 | -0.57 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 2.1 | 0.9 | 1.33 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.2 | 1.3 | -5.5 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 1 | 0.3 | 2.33 |
| Asthma | 1.9 | 0.5 | 2.8 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.2 | 1.5 | -0.25 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.6 | 1.9 | -2.17 |
| Autism | 4.3 | 4.1 | 0.05 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Biofilm | 1.4 | 1.4 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.38 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Carcinoma | 1.9 | 0.6 | 2.17 |
| Celiac Disease | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.17 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.2 | 0.5 | -1.5 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 1.7 | 1.9 | -0.12 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 1.5 | 1.8 | -0.2 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.09 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.33 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
| Cognitive Function | 0.3 | 1 | -2.33 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 3.3 | 2.2 | 0.5 |
| Constipation | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Coronary artery disease | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.6 |
| COVID-19 | 2.6 | 3.8 | -0.46 |
| Crohn's Disease | 4.2 | 2.1 | 1 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0 | 0 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
| d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 1.7 | 0.5 | 2.4 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Depression | 3.4 | 4.2 | -0.24 |
| Eczema | 1.7 | 0.2 | 7.5 |
| Endometriosis | 1.5 | 1.7 | -0.13 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Epilepsy | 2.4 | 2.4 | |
| erectile dysfunction | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Fibromyalgia | 0.7 | 1.4 | -1 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 2.4 | 1.6 | 0.5 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 2 | 0.8 | 1.5 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 2.4 | 0.5 | 3.8 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Gout | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Graves' disease | 0.3 | 1.1 | -2.67 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Halitosis | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| Heart Failure | 2.5 | 0.9 | 1.78 |
| hemorrhagic stroke | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 1.9 | 1.9 | |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| hyperglycemia | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| hypersomnia | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Hypoxia | 2 | 2 | |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.3 | 1.9 | -5.33 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.4 | 4.8 | -0.41 |
| Insomnia | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Intelligence | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.83 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 3.3 | 1.3 | 1.54 |
| ischemic stroke | 0.6 | 1.4 | -1.33 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 3.4 | 2.2 | 0.55 |
| Long COVID | 3 | 2.9 | 0.03 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Lymphoma | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.67 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.2 | 0.6 | -2 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Menopause | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 4.9 | 1.9 | 1.58 |
| Mood Disorders | 3.4 | 3.8 | -0.12 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 2.6 | 2.6 | 0 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 1.5 | -1.5 | |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 3.4 | 1.5 | 1.27 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Obesity | 5.5 | 2.7 | 1.04 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 1.2 | 2.1 | -0.75 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.4 | 1.4 | |
| Osteoporosis | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 3.7 | 3.6 | 0.03 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 2.5 | 1.3 | 0.92 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 0.5 | 1.1 | -1.2 |
| Psoriasis | 1.4 | 1.8 | -0.29 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 4 | 2.3 | 0.74 |
| Rosacea | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| Schizophrenia | 2.2 | 1 | 1.2 |
| scoliosis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.5 | 0.3 | 4 |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 1.4 | 1.4 | |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.45 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 2.5 | 0.8 | 2.13 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.75 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 5 | 1.9 | 1.63 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.13 |
| Vitiligo | 0.8 | -0.8 |
