AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
HIV/AIDS: Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that is commonly used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of HIV infection. It works by inhibiting the activity of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme necessary for the replication of the HIV virus. By reducing viral replication, lamivudine helps to control HIV infection, improve immune function, and prevent the progression to AIDS. It is often used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to achieve optimal treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of developing drug resistance.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection: Lamivudine is also approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. It works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme of HBV, thereby reducing viral replication and slowing down the progression of liver disease. Lamivudine therapy can help improve liver function tests, reduce inflammation and liver damage, and lower the risk of developing complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. However, prolonged use of lamivudine in HBV infection may lead to the development of drug-resistant strains of the virus, necessitating careful monitoring and possible adjustment of treatment regimens.
Combination Therapy: Lamivudine is often used in combination with other antiretroviral or antiviral medications to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce the risk of drug resistance. Common combinations include lamivudine with zidovudine (Combivir) or tenofovir (Truvada) for HIV infection, and lamivudine with other antiviral agents for HBV infection.
Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission: Lamivudine is sometimes used as part of antiretroviral regimens to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding. By reducing maternal viral load, lamivudine therapy can significantly decrease the risk of HIV transmission to the newborn.
Off-Label Uses: In addition to its approved indications, lamivudine may be used off-label in certain situations, such as in the treatment of HIV infection in pediatric patients, or as part of salvage therapy for individuals with multidrug-resistant HIV or HBV infection. Off-label use should be carefully considered and monitored by healthcare providers, taking into account factors such as drug efficacy, safety, and potential drug interactions.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Bacteroides uniformis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Acne | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| ADHD | 2.3 | 0.3 | 6.67 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.58 |
| Allergies | 3 | 1.9 | 0.58 |
| Allergy to milk products | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.17 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 3 | 3.6 | -0.2 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 2.7 | 0.7 | 2.86 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 1.2 | 1.8 | -0.5 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Asthma | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.65 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.14 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0 |
| Autism | 4.4 | 4 | 0.1 |
| Autoimmune Disease | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Biofilm | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 2 | 1.4 | 0.43 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Breast Cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Cancer (General) | 0.3 | 1.3 | -3.33 |
| Carcinoma | 2.8 | 1.3 | 1.15 |
| Celiac Disease | 1.2 | 1.8 | -0.5 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.08 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 4.3 | 1.8 | 1.39 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.09 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0 | 0.8 | 0 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 1 | 1.1 | -0.1 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 1.7 | 0.2 | 7.5 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 1.2 | 1.3 | -0.08 |
| Cognitive Function | 1.7 | 1.3 | 0.31 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 3.7 | 2.2 | 0.68 |
| Constipation | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.71 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.46 |
| COVID-19 | 4.4 | 4.8 | -0.09 |
| Crohn's Disease | 4.7 | 1.8 | 1.61 |
| Cushing's Syndrome (hypercortisolism) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.9 | 1.3 | -0.44 |
| d-lactic acidosis (one form of brain fog) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.9 | 1.4 | -0.56 |
| Denture Wearers Oral Shifts | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Depression | 5.7 | 3.8 | 0.5 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Eczema | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.88 |
| Endometriosis | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.27 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Epilepsy | 2.3 | 0.7 | 2.29 |
| erectile dysfunction | 1.1 | 0.3 | 2.67 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.07 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 2.8 | 2.4 | 0.17 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.37 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.3 | 0.5 | -0.67 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 2 | 1.3 | 0.54 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Gout | 1.6 | 0.2 | 7 |
| Graves' disease | 1.5 | 2.4 | -0.6 |
| Gulf War Syndrome | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
| Halitosis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 1.8 | 0.9 | 1 |
| Heart Failure | 2.1 | 1.3 | 0.62 |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| hyperglycemia | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.57 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
| hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 2.2 | 2.5 | -0.14 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
| Hypoxia | 1.8 | 0.3 | 5 |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.2 | 2.4 | -1 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.7 | 4.2 | -0.14 |
| Insomnia | 1.1 | 1.8 | -0.64 |
| Intelligence | 1.2 | 0.2 | 5 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 4 | 3.2 | 0.25 |
| ischemic stroke | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.5 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 4.2 | 2.8 | 0.5 |
| Long COVID | 3.3 | 3.4 | -0.03 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Lung Cancer | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.25 |
| Lymphoma | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1 | 0.6 | 0.67 |
| membranous nephropathy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Menopause | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 4.5 | 3.8 | 0.18 |
| Mood Disorders | 5.5 | 4 | 0.38 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.1 | 2.3 | 0.35 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.2 | 0.7 | -2.5 |
| myasthenia gravis | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.3 | 1.3 | -3.33 |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.7 | 1.1 | -0.57 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 3.4 | 2 | 0.7 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.17 |
| Obesity | 4.8 | 3.5 | 0.37 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 3.4 | 1.3 | 1.62 |
| Osteoarthritis | 2 | 1.2 | 0.67 |
| Osteoporosis | 2.5 | 0.7 | 2.57 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Parkinson's Disease | 4.5 | 3.1 | 0.45 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 3.7 | 3 | 0.23 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
| Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1.3 | 1 | 0.3 |
| Psoriasis | 1.9 | 1 | 0.9 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 4.5 | 2 | 1.25 |
| Rosacea | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
| Schizophrenia | 3.5 | 2 | 0.75 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.45 |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.7 | 1.6 | -1.29 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 1.4 | 0.2 | 6 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 1.7 | 1.6 | 0.06 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 2.5 | 1.3 | 0.92 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 0.8 | -0.33 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 2.7 | 2.5 | 0.08 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 4.9 | 3.5 | 0.4 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 2.6 | 2.9 | -0.12 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.37 |
| Vitiligo | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
