Hydatigera taeniaeformis Details: NCBI 6205, gram-negative or unknown [species]

| Cysticercus fasciolaris| Hydatigera himalayotaenia| Hydatigera taeniaeformis| Hydatigera taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1786)| Taenia crassicollis| Taenia taeniaeformis

1. Zoonotic Transmission: Although H. taeniaeformis primarily infects cats and rodents, humans can become accidental hosts through the ingestion of infected fleas or contaminated food or water. Zoonotic transmission can lead to the development of cysticercosis, a condition characterized by the formation of cysts in various tissues and organs, including the liver, lungs, brain, and muscles.

2. Cysticercosis: In humans, cysticercosis caused by H. taeniaeformis can result in the formation of cysts in different tissues, leading to symptoms depending on the location and size of the cysts. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, hepatomegaly (enlargement of the liver), respiratory symptoms (if cysts affect the lungs), neurological symptoms (if cysts affect the brain), muscle pain, and skin nodules.

3. Hepatic Hydatid Disease: In severe cases of cysticercosis involving the liver, H. taeniaeformis infection can cause hepatic hydatid disease, characterized by the formation of large fluid-filled cysts in the liver. Hepatic hydatid disease can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, jaundice, and complications such as cyst rupture, secondary infection, or anaphylactic shock.

4. Pulmonary Hydatid Disease: If cysts form in the lungs as a result of H. taeniaeformis infection, it can lead to pulmonary hydatid disease. Symptoms may include cough, chest pain, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), hemoptysis (coughing up blood), and respiratory complications due to cyst growth and rupture.

5. Neurocysticercosis: In rare cases, cysticercosis caused by H. taeniaeformis may affect the central nervous system, leading to neurocysticercosis. Neurocysticercosis can cause symptoms such as seizures, headaches, neurological deficits, cognitive impairment, and potentially life-threatening complications if cysts exert pressure on vital brain structures or if they rupture, leading to inflammation and neurological damage.

6. Anemia and Malnutrition: Heavy infestations with H. taeniaeformis in cats can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and malabsorption of nutrients, which may result in weight loss, weakness, and malnutrition. Anemia may also occur due to chronic blood loss from intestinal parasites.

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Other Sources for more information:

• Immune Epitope Database
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• Immune Epitope Taxonomy Database (IEDB)
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