Biomphalaria Details: NCBI 6525, gram-negative or unknown [genus]

1. Transmission of Schistosomiasis: Biomphalaria snails serve as intermediate hosts for several species of Schistosoma, including Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, and Schistosoma intercalatum. These snails play a crucial role in the life cycle of the parasite. When the eggs of Schistosoma are released into freshwater bodies by infected humans, they hatch into larvae (miracidia) which infect Biomphalaria snails. Inside the snail, the larvae undergo further development before being released back into the water as infective cercariae. Contact with contaminated water containing cercariae can lead to human infection with Schistosoma, resulting in schistosomiasis.

2. Health Impacts of Schistosomiasis: Schistosomiasis can cause a range of health problems, depending on the species of Schistosoma involved. Schistosoma mansoni primarily affects the liver and intestines, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and liver enlargement. Schistosoma haematobium primarily affects the urinary tract, leading to symptoms such as blood in the urine, bladder inflammation, and potentially bladder cancer. Chronic schistosomiasis can also cause complications such as liver fibrosis, kidney damage, and an increased risk of certain cancers.

3. Epidemiological Significance: The presence and abundance of Biomphalaria snails in freshwater habitats are important factors in the epidemiology of schistosomiasis. Understanding the distribution and ecology of these snails can help in predicting and controlling the transmission of the disease.

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Other Sources for more information:

• Immune Epitope Database
• The NCBI taxonomy database
• UniProt
• Immune Epitope Taxonomy Database (IEDB)
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